NOEMÍ Balestrazzi
"The teaching of psychoanalysis can not be transmitted from one person to another but by the ways of a job transfer." Jaques Lacan
Act School Foundation, June 21, 1964
Is this the product, the new sense, the effect comes after the experience of work in the cartel that knowledge about normal and pathological had called us.
I speak of experience in both tracks, while the device marks left on the subject beyond the arguments and test content. While the desire to know, as all desire is desire of the Other.
no coincidence struck me following the expression of Lacan than normal and pathological inhabit the work of Freud. But ... In what sense?
I searched, tied to a certain philosophy, essence, the concept of these terms and found buildings and speeches. Buildings have a long while, and speeches that put forth as a power game.
The discourse of modernity for the sake of order and progress invents the standard marks and notes how different and uses the power of speech and the right doctor for the first, indicating the negative, pathological and enclose or medicalice and the second elevated to master must be correct, punish or penalize . Canguilhem
in the normal and the abnormal pathological states such as abnormal after the definition of normal. However, it is historical precedence that generates abnormal future legislation. [1]
The normal and the pathological range, are inventions of culture, a culture that is imposed on us and we give answers, answers to the master of the time called normal or pathological, but do not be fool Freud as he did with his hysterical but locked up the question that remained a mystery to him, but gave us the answer Go!, no less than psychoanalysis, which paradoxically does not cease to be a product of culture.
not escape a good reader response culture and insist in this paper is that it has arisen in me a new question, On what are the symptoms that culture generates itself and if at the present time, hyper-modernity, postmodernity disease symptoms are new or sociocultural? Let's start
figure out what we mean by culture:
According to Frances Cardona in his book on Greek mythology is Prometheus, the hero of civilization, says that based on Hesiod's story about the myth in which Prometheus, son of the Titan Iapetus acts as a civilizing hero, as Osiris in Egypt, when knowing that he incurred the wrath of the gods and especially of Zeus, stole the secret of fire and taught it to mortals, who could cook the meat, engage in metal forging, heat the cold and fend off wild animals. Prometheus in partnership with men who had been punished, is taking away from the gods Hephaestus the seed of fire in a vase or cane stalk, and that's why the men put in a position that exceeded of the Gods. [2]
According to anthropology, "Culture is the fabric of meanings in which human beings interpret their existence and experience, the same as they drive their actions, while the social structure (society) is the form taken action, the network of social relations. " [3]
But the text is unrest in Culture, text volume as a hub for the implementation of this work, since it is a work rich in content for me but Freud seems to expose things already said, "repeat", which defines culture as "the sum of production, and institutions that separate our life from our ancestors animals and that serves two purposes: to protect man against nature and regulate relations among human beings. " [4]
we therefore conclude that the culture allows men to advance on the nature of making your life more enjoyable . However
man has trouble achieving this, which according to the text made reference to understand this not as a state, but one experiencing intense feelings of pleasure and happiness that is only possible as a sporadic phenomenon, like a flash but also require their purely subjective. Freud quoted Goethe to explain this when he says that "nothing is more difficult to bear than a succession of beautiful days. " [5]
culture then, causing misery because we are offered as a prize in exchange for instinctual renunciation, imposing sacrifices to sexuality and the natural hostility of human beings. And because the political philosophy asserts that the facts and evidence of civilization there is no stable social bond in place "no symptom."
is the symptom, the subjective expression of distress, suffering and harmful to life in that it involves an expenditure of energy.
But what do we mean by symptoms?
In a first survey of the work of Freud, the analysis of Dora, conversion hysteria tells us that a symptom belongs to several meanings, not only simultaneously but also on which its meaning can vary.
In the 17 th conference expressed following highlight their differences with psychiatry, psychoanalysis is the one who discovered and verified in the treatments that "the symptom is rich in meaning and interweaves with the experiences of the subject." [6] The conference
23 to discuss the ways of the formation of symptoms tells us that "neurotic symptoms are the result of a conflict that rages around a new type of drive satisfaction. The two forces have become estranged to agree on the symptom, are reconciled, so to speak, thanks to the commitment of symptom formation. " [7] unsatisfied libido has to seek other routes.
In the second topic, in inhibition, and anxiety symptoms, shows a gain symptom of the disease that lends itself to obsessive neurosis and narcissistic satisfaction in the case of hysteria symptom becomes increasingly indispensable for the self and helps reduce the demands of the outside world and the superego.
and anxiety can be concluded that, as a variety topical guilt, becomes a place behind the symptoms. Also
the first part of Lacan's teaching the symptom has to do with the repressed. The symptom is a metaphor that implies an unconscious, based on primary repression.
After touring briefly and separately the paths of culture and symptoms especially in Freud's work, and returning to the guidance of the discontents of civilization, we can say that culture and symptoms come together in "neurosis." Taking
fundamental concepts we can say that repressed sexual drives, looking at the symptoms substitute satisfactions, which have a meaning in relation to the unconscious that determines it.
Neurosis substitute satisfactions promises at least one the killers human suffering as well as intoxicating substances and calls distractions. In hysteria
symptoms are conversations in passing to the body, inhibiting the obsessional neurosis, guilt, doubt, procrastination and the eternal act neurotic ceremonial are the result of order and cleanliness culture normalizes .
But what most concerns Freud are the symptoms that cause suffering from social source, with which the person appears to have serious difficulties with both the oceanic feeling that unites us with everything, as with the standard of love neighbor. While human beings are united because of an erotic drive, the hostility, aggression is introjected, return to me, and punished by the superego. Culture deceives us through the superego, which feeds on the death instinct. Philippe Julien
at a point that Freud called the retreat said that Lacan will move here if you do not understand Freud encountered malignancy of the superego noting that the really shocking is the evil of others .
cultural development uses the same means that the individual in its constitution, "is not justified in diagnosing many cultures have become neurotic under the influence of the cultural aspirations?" [8]
answer that culture goes not be analyzed, no one has such authority, as well how to make the transfer to a community that is part? In this regard
a sore Sibony totally different in culture does not speak of neurosis but perversions of disavowal and fetishism in particular.
For him there is no sexual sacrifices because it was too loose rein and no longer have to transgress. Locates the problem in the drive link as I am, as I belong to that group, which operates as an individual.
"link the drive is the drive to belong and to capture, bind and tie, social relationships, groups, institutions, chapels, religious, Small wholes hostile, narcissistic clinging islets " [9] adopts as shapes, folds narcissistic, clans, attachments, detachments, etc..
the perverse impulse is to establish a group to another all you can, set it to death is no idea of \u200b\u200bmurder, but very different to the murder of the father.
culture, for this author is evil, is it because it is a time different from Freud?
Can we venture to say new culture, new symptoms? Culture
new, contemporary culture, a culture of transition between modernism and postmodernism, hyper, a culture that is quick to break with the past, perhaps because the past is too old.
A culture, according to Miller in the text's political unconscious is loosened and removed from the scene of the repression mechanism so no one could speak of symptom in the Freudian sense.
A culture that values \u200b\u200byouth.
As the value of the young, take the words of Graciela Ruiz EOL Annual Conference where he refers to symptoms that finds expression in the rejection of old, the subject is anguish in the path of an object does not become obsolete , which tends to disappear as Jamille mentioned, this requirement superego is very sinister and relates to the death.
But about this I stop and refer to a Paula Sibilia text, postorgánico man, who presented the Faustian project in terms of his pact with the devil and that goes beyond the myth of Prometheus to comment on the origin of civilization, said here that "techno-scientific arsenal was the service of the reconfiguration of the living, fighting aging and death, and not enough to make tweaks and cosmetic improvements. " [10] These go beyond human time, which are put on the limits of life and death. The human genome project and the computer through the artificial intelligence that would continue to exist as a mind without brain. Will here to open the question of ethics and the subject.
A culture that requires walking.
I serve here a text of P. Julien where he makes a quotation from Heidegger that expresses "the absence of thought is a disquieting guest hints everywhere in the world today." [11]
The Man this culture does not think why, remains at a constant do and grabbed a career-ending walk without stopping, without asking about being, I am echoing here a few words of the last days of psychoanalysis in Rosario that refer to advertisements insist that everything is possible, no pain for you, do it now and it does not matter where the product sales. I understand that the effect sought is to delete the subject. The subject is foreclosed, there are so foolish actions, expression of sacrificial behavior, actions inconclusive, but no subject effect acts that permit the person to take charge, the vertigo in which it occurs and the speed of life take away the possibility to register your own account.
A culture with new symptoms
All the symptoms are new to psychoanalysis as the subject of the unconscious creation, there is a link that the subject with the symptom, which is revealed in the analysis, because the symptom has a meaning.
But that's why we can not turn a deaf ear, "most willing to listen "to the bulimia, anorexia, alcoholism, violence, which are expressions of consumerism, capitalist society, of pure enjoyment, lack of ideals that are representative declined the role of law, absolutely yes . What are expressions of the discourse of contemporary culture, there is a new culture, but culture is going through a period that has its own needs and weaknesses.
I stick to it the text of Mario Pujó pathology of time, where it defines according to the teachers of psychoanalysis as one "that represents a unique response and developed in particular historical and civilization to what Lacan formulated as absence sexual relationship, meaning the curse that rests on the privileged sex from the act of speaking, the reversal that language induces in the human animal, altering any presumed natural relationship between the subject and the objects in the world with the world same and, in particular sex. " [12]
This time then, according to that author departs from the way neurotic symptom formations enjoyment is sought as an autoerotic satisfaction, addictive and individualistic. The enjoyment is proclaimed an ideal, the symbolic structure of the community in which the subject is diluted, disappears and the community itself is threatened as they break or knowledge of social pacts, including the prohibition of incest.
In conclusion, I reconstruct his steps, neuroticism appears to be the "normal" culture, or we are all sick, culture and interests becomes neurotic thanatic that the superego gets deposited in the current culture that meets today with the limits and edges of the neurosis. Culture, civilization, language, social Other, that of yesterday, today put us in contact with castration, we can provide answers and "being" or leave us to enjoy.
feel that much to say, I felt crosslink various ways, but returned to the main road, and saw his name, " Psychoanalysis. " Bibliography
Cardona, Frances L., Greek mythology, Olympus Collection, Edicomunicación SA, Barcelona 1996
Freud, Sigmund, Cultural Discontents, 19271931, Sigmund Freud's complete works, T. XXI, Amorrortu publishers, Buenos Aires 2006
Conferences Introduction to Psychoanalysis, 1915, Sigmund Freud Obras Completas, T. XV, Amorrortu publishers, Buenos Aires 2006
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Inhibition, Symptoms and Anxiety, 1929, Sigmund Freud Collected Works, XX T, Amorrortu publishers, Buenos Aires, 2006.
Julián, Philippe, Psychosis, perversion and neurosis, the reading of Jacques Lacan, Issue 1, Amorrrtu publishers, Buenos Aires, 2002
Lacan, Jacques, Acts of foundation, section applied psychoanalysis, 1964
Pujó, Mario, Pathology of time in Psychoanalysis and the hospital, N ª 24, 2003
Sibilia, Paula, postorgánico Man, Fondo de Cultura Economica, Buenos Aires, 2005.
Sibony, Daniel, An upset completely different in culture, in perversions, insanities Dialogue on current, Editorial Siglo XXI
[1] George Canguilhem, The normal and pathologic, edit. Siglo XXI, quoted by Raquel Capurro Querencia Revista N º 2, April 2001.Secciones
Theme [2] Cardona, F. Greek mythology, Olympus library, Edicomunicación SA, Barcelona, \u200b\u200b1996, pág.151.
[3] Clifford, Guertzs, American Anthropologist, vol 59, 1957
[4] Freud, S. Collected Works, Culture and Its Discontents, 1930, Volume XXI Amorrortu publishers, Buenos Aires, 2006, pg.
88 [5] Idem., Pág.76
[6] Freud, S, Works, Conferences of Psychoanalysis, 17 th conference of the symptoms Elsentido, T. XV, Amorrortu publishers, Buenos Aires, 1996, p.
.235 [7] Freud, S, Collected Works, 23 th Conference of introduction to psychoanalysis, TXVI, Amorrortu editors, pág.326
[8] Freud, S. The Civilization and Its Discontents, op. cit.
Pág.139 [9] Sibilia, P, Man postorgánico, Fondo de Cultura Economica, Buenos Aires, 2005, pg. 53
[10] Sibony, D. An upset completely different in Culture, Perversions, Siglo XXI, pg.
260 [11] Julien, P; psychosis, perversion, neurosis, editors Amorrortu Buenos Aires, 2002, p.31
[12] Pujó, M. Psychoanalysis and the hospital, Mal Vintage Year 12-Nª 24, 2003pág. 13.
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