VANESA GIMENEZ
Basically, as a result of readings taken during the academic year and issues that particularly interested me in previous years, I have raised some questions concerning the value of the word in clinical psychology, and intervening value this can have on the transfer.
Questions like, What is the function of speech in psychoanalytic practice? What is the relationship established between the word and transfer? Is it possible to think of the word as enablers of the transfer?, Are or form the trigger of this work, whose basic rationale is to find or think a certain correlation and link between word and transfer.
Psychoanalysis is a speech, a technique and a method that specifically uses the word for intervention and to articulate the truth of the subject, the truth about his desire, this is specifically the task and the goal that should lead the analytical treatment .
Lacan, formulated the importance of the use of the word in the clinic when he wrote "Function and Field of Speech and Language in Psychoanalysis" to highlight the true sense of art that brings us together and to emphasize that this does the job it. There delineate the importance of a return to the concepts of Freud and the need to understand in order to make them consistent practice.
But how is that the word takes on a value as a Freudian practice instrument which served at the time of the intervention?
"It is with Anna O., is a woman and not a scientist who is credited with the invention of the psychoanalytic method: a cure founded in the word cure in which the act of verbalizing the suffering, to find the words to express it, allowing it to cure at least aware of its origin and therefore assume " [1]
But what has happened with the discovery after Freud? What happens today in the XXI century in relation to the art of using the word?
Psychopharmacology and other psychological resources and applications have come to replace or rather to offer quick cures, well-being, adaptation, medicalization and massive magic regardless of the differences that make the subjects and less on the significance attributed to these their ailments. There is no
or is not the time to reflect on the misery but tends to suppress the symptoms of the fastest way possible regardless of their significance. According
Roudinesco, and in this I agree with his position, the medication does not oppose itself to word processing. But if it seems to me important not only interesting but give us a tour of some of the fundamental concepts that make the discourse of psychoanalysis, not only to enhance the art, but to find the rationale and intervention methods that enable the emergence of meaning in symptom oriented in the function of the word.
The word is essentially a symbolic exchange.
For Lacan, psychoanalysis is a medium, that is, the word of the patient. This word will always call a response, this response auque only be silence, must have a listener. No mere talk and therefore requires the presence of someone who will listen. Depends on there being another endorsement. The word only has value as a means for someone and for someone else.
Lacan will define two forms of the word, the word is full and the empty word, which is actually a continium.
As for the empty word we can say that the subject seems to speak in vain desire, this does not mean it is the same as lying, even she can find something of the truth of the subject, but he did not can articulate the truth about his desire.
But the full speech, which is the other end of the psychoanalytic experience is a word full of meaning. Also called real word because it points to the truth of the subject's desire.
If it is not possible to articulate the whole truth about the subject's desire is through the word as this truth is articulated as fully as possible.
"One of the tasks of the analyst who listens to the analysand is to discern the times when there is the full speech (...) the goal of psychoanalytic treatment is to articulate the full word" [2]
understand that the subject to articulate truth about his desire, takes her own story, leading word to another and is the point that Lacan locates the emergence of the Freudian method.
"The analysis can have no other goal than the advent of a real word, and the realization of the subject in its history in relation to the future" [3]
The word that leads to truth is a word without conscious control This is produced and is driven by what we have learned to call, free association. How was that he presented to Freud in the beginning?
In the history of Emmy von N., relate what Freud said that one evening, you should not always be asking from which one or the other, but to let her have what she has to say. Faced with such request for access to it and can say that this is one of the first times that what is at stake then is the fundamental rule of psychoanalysis.
addition to free association are two important concepts that are involved in analytical practice. One is the withdrawal, a rule that is aimed at the person's physician and provides that it must deny the love needy patient satisfaction required.
For Lacan would rather that the patient refrain from as little as possible to find satisfaction in their symptoms.
The third term, which is what would put at stake here is the transfer. What is or what we call transference?
In Freud's texts as Lacan would emphasize later, this concept is first linked to notions that appear in the analysis but do not specifically to its dynamics in the way we think today, there will auque if after a core value.
The first definition of the term transfer refers us to the interpretation of dreams. There Freud, establishing the importance that the remains have to train day sleep says: "(...) unconscious representation as such is completely incapable of entering the preconscious, and can only act out there an effect if it is in connection a representation that already belongs harmless the preconscious-conscious, transferring its intensity and allowing concealed by her. This is the fact (...) transfer the transfer can be left intact (...) representation or impose a change in work content of the representation is transferred. [4]
Lacan takes at Workshop 1 "The technical writings of Freud" This first notion of the term in a wonderful way to explain the Freudian discovery and how you can glimpse a relationship between transfer and first floor.
says Lacan, "the unconscious desire that is impossible to express, is anyway a means to express in the alphabet. This is thus a phenomenon of language. " [5]
is then the possibility of creating, of giving a new meaning or rather to express what otherwise could not have been expressed, what Freud called transference.
a matter of Lacan, Freud shows us what it's like the word, in this case the transmission of desire, can be recognized here as a manifestation of sleep in the symbolic order because it is organized like the speech.
then I understand from this that the day residue able to transfer an entire baggage of desire, which otherwise could not be expressed.
The second formulation has been given to this concept has to do with the points made earlier about those concepts so important to the development of an analysis. This means that along with the concepts of abstinence and free association we found this second sense of the transfer.
This is understood as the patient's relationship with the analyst while developing the cure. But still bear some relationship to that described above.
"Freud used this word
say there is some correlation between use and the other, since both are transferred certain issues, such as a desire, or feelings that are updated at one time or individual.
transfer also presents us with two ways. First, as the strongest resistance to analysis and second as the engine of the cure, as the patient confronts his story in his immediate relationship with the analyst.
but how to think now, from this perspective the relationship, the bond established between word and transfer?
Returning to Lacan, this makes a distinction between what happens in sleep and analysis, the radical difference is that in the latter the other is there. But that development of the transfer of sleep training guide us here, as analysis occurs in dreams and even these are becoming more distinct as the analysis progresses, in addition to which are addressed to the analyst.
From what it is to find these expressions of transfer a sense of the word, understood in an act, word, and this is not necessarily a dream. Similarly day that the remains can find and help the desire to be expressed.
What else can be said to understand better the relationship between word and transfer?
First we found that Lacan situates both concepts in the symbolic level. This does not mean that also involved other records.
The word is captured in the symbolic order and from there are sorted imaginary and real. The word exists only in so far as one believes in it, requires recognition, not otherwise exist.
also transfer can only be understood in the symbolic order as well as in the word, the other records are arranged around this.
transfer is in the cure must be done and is the point where the word appears as possible and holding the frame.
I dare say that for Lacan the full realization of the word is dialogue and the phenomenon which he considers an analytic revelation is the relationship of speech to another who takes it as support.
The word is not the same in the mouth of the analysand that the analyst's mouth, since the first talk in terms of their desire, to articulate in words the truth about his desire and provoke the analyst call and what the analysand says . The listening guide the priest and take him who listens to the intervention.
"In the analysis of the transfer, the question is at what point of his presence the word is full" [7] , fully defined in the sense described above.
truth in the analysis arises from the mistake, the actions called "flaws" that actually do not retain much failed, because it is precisely those actions that are successful, bring a truth that is manifested in and by the word or any other thing that can happen in analysis and that it may be his sense of word.
The subject gives a word that even the knows issues, he always says he wants more and more of what you know, this is because this introduces the word is precisely the function of truth.
The word to distinguish the different parts of the analysis, it can go out and thanks to her that moves.
The analysand seeks to confess by word, it then has to transfer and seeks truth in the analyst.
The transfer enables the installation, performance and outcome of the analysis. He uses the word to find in these parts of speech, the emergence of a full word.
would be an illusion to try to give a final conclusion, a closure on this issue, because if you resort to more literature would continue to open doors to further understand this relationship and probably find others. What if I can hold after taking this route is that it is first necessary to use the word as a resource for the individual to find meaning their discomfort and mean. And secondly that probably the word and transfer need each other to carry out the deployment of an analysis. Can not think of one without the other by the fact that psychoanalysis is a discourse that uses the word to intervene and transfer as Lacan says is the time of analysis, and understand that without them it is impossible to carry out what that would mark are the moments of wandering, orientation of the analyst, the emergence of the full speech and this follows the need to link the presence of the word.
Bibliography:
Freud, S. "Studies on Hysteria, volume II, Works, Amorrortu Editorial, Buenos Aires, 2006.
Freud, S. "The Interpretation of Dreams, Volume V, Works, Publisher Amorrortu, Buenos Aires, 2000.
Freud, S. "Work on psychoanalytic technique", vol XII, Works, Publisher Amorrortu, Buenos Aires, 2006.
Freud, S. "Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis", Volume XVI, Works, Publisher Amorrortu, Buenos Aires, 2005.
Lacan, J. "The technical writings of Freud, Volume I, Editorial Paidos, Buenos Aires, 2007.
Lacan, J. "Writing I", Volume I, Editorial Siglo XXI, Buenos Aires, 2005.
Evans, D. "Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis," Paidos Editorial, Buenos Aires, 2007.
Roudinesco, E. "Why Psychoanalysis?" Paidos Editorial, Buenos Aires, 2007.
[1] Roudinesco, E. "Why Psychoanalysis?" Page 25, Editorial Paidos, Buenos Aires, 2007.
[2] Evans, D. "Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis" Page 147, Paidos Editorial, Buenos Aires, 2007.
[3] Lacan, J. "Writings 1", Page 290, Editorial Siglo XXI. Buenos Aires. 2005.
[4] Freud, S. "The Interpretation of Dreams" (1900-1901), pages 554-555, Volume V, Works, Publisher Amorrortu, Buenos Aires. 2000.
[5] Lacan, J. "The technical writings of Freud" (1954), Page 355, Volume I Editorial Paidos. Buenos Aires. 2007.
[6] Freud, S. "The Interpretation of Dreams" (1900-1901), footnote number 15, page 554. Editors Editorial Amorrortu. Buenos Aires. 2000.
[7] Lacan, J. "The technical writings of Freud" (1954), Page 353, Volume I. Editorial Paidos. Buenos Aires. 2007.
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